Lung Specialist- study and research of various physiological and pathological conditions of the Lungs

A Lung Specialists is a medical worker involved in the study and research of various physiological and pathological conditions of the Lungs and its associated structures.

It has been a decade, since development of this field reached its peak, and is still holding the throne. 

This is because of increased conditions giving rise to increased research. By this statement, I meant that there are lots many pathological conditions related to the lungs, and to manage them, an increase in study, research and interventions.Pollution has been a problem of this effluent world, just like obesity, we can just complain, but to change, action is a must.

Industrial Smoke, Combustion of fuel in Cars Bikes and other automobiles, open air burning of waste, all this add up to the rising pollution in the country.Most cities in India are highly polluted. Take an example of our national capitalDelhi. Here, pollution will always be remembered, just like Tony Stark with his Man in action, Jarvis!

A lung specialist takes care of conditions such as Pneumonia, COPD, Tuberculosis, Occupational Lung Diseases, Restrictive Lung Diseases, Pleural Cancers, by using various interventions, Spirometry being the most common.A Lung Specialist also makes use of X Rays (by Radiologist) to diagnose any restrictions in the normal biomechanics of Thorax & Chest Wall.Physiotherapy referral is also used frequently, mainly to remove accumulated secretions in the lungs, by means of procedures such as Postural Drainage and Breathing Exercises such as ACBT (Active Cycle Of Breathing Techniques). Humidification & Nebulization may also be used. By- Dt. Trishala Chopra

Note on Nephrologists

The human kidney performs many functions that help in general systemic maintenance of well being. This is primarily achieved by the main function of the kidney which is excretion. The main units of the kidney, called nephrons are the ones that primarily maintain and effect this aspect of the kidney. A tubule with a link to the blood vessels, the nephrons responsibly absorb and reabsorb substances from blood that have to be excreted. But any damage to this tubule can hinder this vital body function. 

Nephrologists are super specialty doctors that have spent extensive time in research, treatment and management of nephron based diseases. These doctors are a part of tertiary care owing to their specialization. Diseases that need the investigation of the nephrologist include inflammations of the nephrons, cellular damage of the epithelium (cells that line the inside of the tubules), and tumour conditions owing to malignant cells or a metastatic spread. By- Amaan

Acupuncture – the science of organismal functions

Noida is one of those places in India, which promotes Acupuncture a lot. Basically, Acupuncture is a term that refers to the study of organisms, cells, tissues, body parts of organisms and their functional properties. It is a very broad sub – division of biology or the biological sciences. Acupuncture is such a branch that exists in integration with another sub – division of biological science, anatomy. However, they differ by a subtle difference – Acupuncture deals with the function of the body, but anatomy deals with the function of the body and its parts and organs.

Human Acupuncture is one of the main aspects of general Acupuncture. Noida however, in recent years, has adopted a more futuristic field or sub – branch of human Acupuncture, which is called exercise Acupuncture. Exercise Acupuncture refers to that form of study dealing in the physical exercises an individual undertakes. Very chronic cases of responses, and acute and critical adaptations of the body, its parts and organs, are integral parts of exercise Acupuncture.

Basically, exercise Acupuncture is used to study and take into the account the various effects of exercise on our Acupuncture, pathology and the varied mechanisms which help exercise to drastically reduce or even reverse in some cases, disease progressions. Researches in this field in Noida, have shown that the human brain itself receives around 20% of the total cardiac output of the body; but uses up and expends around 20-25% of the body’s total consumption of energy. It is also observed that energy consumption by the human brain is much higher during intense and strenuous physical exercises. It is thus seen that Acupuncture has advanced to a stage which was unimaginable even a few decades back from now. It is an indispensable part of biology and we hope, that it continues to progress and set higher limits for itself. By- Rounak Bose

How To The Vitality of Clinical Pathology | doctors,healthcare,Noida How To Guide

How To The Vitality of Clinical Pathology | doctors,healthcare,Noida How To Guide

Analysing the Analysers

Clinical pathology is a branch of modern medicine that couples the art of histology and the science of medicine, allowing the physician to have a better idea about the progression or state of disease in a patient. The classical idea of a pathologist is essentially that he/she is a doctor trained to identify and analyse biological samples sent from the hospital to the laboratory for the purpose of aiding and suggesting a provisional diagnosis of the illness of the patient. 

Samples such as blood, urine, tissue cultures, phlegm samples and other body fluids and secretions, when analysed by a pathologist not only gives insight about a provisional diagnosis, but in cases can also reveal the prognosis (the state of illness as time passes) and definitively establish the condition of the internal health of the patient. Clinical pathologists more often than not, head the hospital laboratories as they oversee department officials like microbiologists and technicians and work in unison to deliver the most accurate information to the physician at the bedside to deliver the most efficient treatment for the patient. By- Amaan

Serologists in noida

Serologists in noida

Serologists – those who care for our blood and serum - our life-force.

Blood and serum is what replenishes us. It is what keeps us alive and moving. Basically it is the elixir of life. Take it away and one will shrink like a dried leaf instantly. Damage it, and you will see them gasping for life. Such is its value. The people who save us from blood and serum-related diseases which are more often than not lethal, are nothing short of being our saviours. They are the serologists.

Serology in Noida, is flourishing like never before. With many new advancements and technologies at their disposal, serologists are having a field day. 

They can now claim to cure almost every blood and serum linked disease that has been observed in man. Many people think of the serologists as the physicians who diagnose blood and serum, but this is only partly true. They also scrutinise and decide on the right form of therapy or treatment, they also deliver the treatment themselves, they carry out extensive researches on the blood and serum and other related tests; they practically do everything, and all this is often achieved in symbiosis with the serologists. 

Serology is a branch that delves in to the depth of a person. It is a discipline that is a very distinct sub speciality of another branch called internal medicine or general medicine. It also shares common features with oncology, the study of cancerous ailments, to the lay man. Serologists treat disease like haemophilia, lymphoma, and also conduct blood and serum transfusions, and stem-cell and bone marrow transplantations. They have also been known to give chemotherapy and radiology related therapies in rare cases. Anti-coagulation therapies and diet-advices do not go out of place with serologists too.All in all, serologists are definitely one of the most significant type of physicians we encounter in our life span. They are our messiah, caring and treating our life-force- our blood and serum. By- Rounak Bose

The geniuses in Noida – the new-born specialists.

Steve Harvey had once said that he was no new-born specialist. He was just a common man with much more common sense than other common men. A professional who practices medicine is called a new-born specialist or a medical new-born specialist. He is concerned with promoting, maintaining and restoring human health by means of the study, diagnosis and the treatment of any physical or mental discomfort such as disease, injury or other impairments.

India is proud to be a nation, which is leading in the world in the terms of good new-born specialists and good quality medical care. And, one of the rapidly growing metropolises that is contributing heartily to this success is Noida. Situated near the national capital, instead of being overshadowed by the grandeur of Delhi, it is on its way to outshine all other cities. Producing a brilliant arsenal of new-born specialists, it is advancing at a great rate, accompanied no doubt by its decision to accept new methodologies and adopt futuristic technologies to make health-care services efficient and affordable on a wide scale.

Most of the new-born specialists practicing and residing in Noida, have graduated from top-class institutes with flying colours. This degree qualifies the medical practitioners to become licensed or registered under the laws of the State and India is proud to register them as their jewels.Those new-born specialists in Noida are the best who are the most ingenuous inspirers of hope. The roles of a clown and that of a new-born specialist are the same – to elevate the possible and to relieve suffering. After all, the good new-born specialist is the one who treats the disease. While the great new-born specialist is the one who treats the patient who has the disease. By- Rounak Bose

How To The Art of using your hands to heal disorders | doctors,healthcare,Noida How To Guide

How To The Art of using your hands to heal disorders | doctors,healthcare,Noida How To Guide

How is chiropractic different from other therapies

People normally crib when they come to know that no machines or instruments are used in chiropractic sessions, they feel that with hands, the treatment might be inaccurate so they prefer other therapies over chiropractic sessions. Every therapy has its own benefits, all the therapies should be used when it is required, same goes with chiropractic sessions. Let’s compare chiropractic sessions with other therapies and see how it is different.

Chiropractic sessions versus pain medication therapy

With drugs, side effects come in too while in chiropractic sessions no drugs are used so there is no chances of side effects.If you leave medicines, there are chances that the disease would relapse however there is nothing like this when it comes to chiropractic sessions.

Sometimes, it so happens that patients get addicted to few medicines which is dangerous, with chiropractic sessions there is no chance of getting addicted. Chiropractic sessions versus physical therapyThough physical therapy is non-invasive, the risk associated with it is almost negligible.

But when it comes to chiropractic sessions, unlike physical therapy chiropractic sessions have relaxing sessions as well which works on the affected part and relaxes it as well.

Chiropractic sessions versus surgery

Surgeries are painful and takes log time to recover.

They are invasive and relief is not 100%.

Chiropractic sessions helps in proper alignment of spine with absolutely no pain. It reduces the risk as well.

Herniated discs are being treated with chiropractic sessions these days. By- Dt. Trishala Chopra

Everyone has to upgrade their speed, in this era of 4G!

Sport Medicine is something which is one of the most important part of management of cases related to an athletic or any other sports person.Most often, the trained practitioners involved in sports medicine are Physiotherapists.They use techniques such as Taping & Icing to provide symptomatic relief to the player, so that he can at least try to continue the event.One of the most common examples of Athletic Taping, which I think most of us might be aware of, is that, which was given to Cricketer Yuvraj Singh, during India vs Australia Match in ICC World T20 Champions World Cup in 2016.

The techniques are so chosen, which provide efficient relief to the player.However, one must note that, Sports Medicine, provides temporary relief, and not permanent cure.A player, who was given Taping over his anterior thigh for quadriceps pull, would require further Physical Therapy, after the session is over.Also, a player given cold therapy for a muscle pull, will require orthopedic treatment, if the symptoms become worse after prolonged play.

I still remember Sachin Tendulkar being given ice therapy for his elbow, during a match against Pakistan in early 90’s.The condition later turned out to be tennis elbow, (Lateral Epicondylitis) which required immediate surgery.For such reasons, a Physiotherapist is usually a member of the Sport Team (Sport Physio)The therapists involved in these tasks own a Masters Degree In Sports Medicine ( M.P.Th Sports). By- Dt. Trishala Chopra

Physical medicine specialists in noida

Physical medicine specialists in noida

Physical medicine specialists in noida

Physical medicine specialists in noida

Everything has a happy ending, just give it some time.

Physical Medicine involves use of techniques which stimulate physical abilities of a patient.

1.) These stimulatory techniques may be Neurologic, or Musculo-Skeletal.

2.) These techniques together referred to as Functional Rehabilitation is of great importance.

3.) Rehabilitation not only involves management of cases with neurologic deficits.

4.) It also involve cases, which require Physical Functional Re-education.

5.) One of the most common example is Post-Amputation.

If one of the lower limb is amputated due to some reason, then goal of Rehabilitation is to teach the patient, to continue his/her ADL’s, at least in such a way, so that the patient is not completely dependent on someone.One of the key protocols include Gait Training using Crutches (Crutch Walking using Axillary/Elbow/Gutter Crutches or Sticks & Walkers)

This involves measurement of the crutch according to the patient, strengthening of the uninvolved parts of the body, as well as counseling.Counseling is also an essential part of physical rehabilitation, as in managing such cases, there are chances that patient might experience depression, or may indulge in other acts which are socially unacceptable.

Other protocols in Rehabilitation include regimen’s involving patients in certain activities, which stimulate their Limbic System & hence profoundly impact their mood.A practitioner involved in imparting functional re-education to a patient maybe a Physiotherapist (PT) or any other trained practitioner with a MBBS/MS/MD Degree.In USA, practitioners involved in physical medicine are referred to as “Physiatrist”. By- Dt. Trishala Chopra

medicosa - Surgeons at their height.

medicosa - Surgeons at their height.

Advancements in Surgery and the Surgeons.

Surgery is basically one of those parts of medicine, devoid of which, medicine itself would be futile, incomplete and ineffective. No matter how many advancements are made in the field of medicine, without surgery, most of it would all be meaningless. Surgery has been prevalent in India right from the times of Shusruta to ultra-modern and futuristic medical technologies of today.

In Noida too, like all places in India, surgery has become an integral part of curative therapies and treatment form. At hospitals in Noida, an operation theatre or an OT is the place in which the operation is carried out, with the help of surgical instruments, state – of – the – art technologies and the team of the surgeon. Most importantly, an operating table and other equipment which are used for the patient and the operation or the surgery are completely sterilised and germ free. Even the operational staff in the OT are bound to wear sterile apparel or attire in order to make sure that the entire environment is free of micro – organisms and dust and pollutants. The uniform usually involves scrubs, a scrub cap, a surgical gown, polymer gloves and sterile surgical masks. Approved and certified disinfecting agents should also be used periodically. 

Surgery as we see it today is a very important aspect of medicine all over the globe. Statistics show that around three hundred and twelve million surgeries took place worldwide in the year 2012. Even unnecessary deaths and injuries were avoided with the help of an additional one hundred and forty three million surgical operations. All these facts and figures just go on to show that life without surgery is an unimaginable one. By- Rounak Bose

Caring for the child-the father of the man

That branch of science which includes the healthcare-provisions for babies or children is termed as Paediatrics. Consequently, a physician, who is a specialist in this field, is known as a paediatrician. The age boundaries of the children who can be under the care of paediatricians, usually varies from birth to the late teens.

India is blessed with the Indian Academy of Paediatrics, Bihar. Originally established with not more than a hundred paediatricians as members, it blossomed to its present-state at an astonishing rate, more than 16000 physicians all over the country. It also has branches at the State, District and City level. Modern features in Paediatrics have also been promoted by this organisation.

The head office of the IAP is based in Mumbai, while the official publication- Indian Paediatrics, an indexed journal, has been released from Delhi. This Government body is a unique institute of paediatricians in India. The other organisations are much more segmented and divided among themselves. However, the association maintains steady unity among the member institutes.

India is now at a very high status in terms of paediatric care. Major activities and programmes are undertaken by the IAP to organise CME programmes for the organisation and smooth execution of conferences, meets, lectures, symposia et cetera. It is needless to say that high as India may have climbed, the zenith is still a long cumbersome way, and we hope that the best in paediatric care can be, or rather will be brought out by the best paediatricians being trained and honed to perfection in India.By- Rounak Bose

The geniuses in Noida – the child specialists

Steve Harvey had once said that he was no child specialist. He was just a common man with much more common sense than other common men.  A professional who practices medicine is called a child specialist or a medical child specialist. He is concerned with promoting, maintaining and restoring human health by means of the study, diagnosis and the treatment of any physical or mental discomfort such as disease, injury or other impairments.

India is proud to be a nation, which is leading in the world in the terms of good child specialists and good quality medical care. And, one of the rapidly growing metropolises that is contributing heartily to this success is Noida. Situated near the national capital, instead of being overshadowed by the grandeur of Delhi, it is on its way to outshine all other cities. Producing a brilliant arsenal of child specialists, it is advancing at a great rate, accompanied no doubt by its decision to accept new methodologies and adopt futuristic technologies to make health-care services efficient and affordable on a wide scale.

Most of the child specialists practicing and residing in Noida, have graduated from top-class institutes with flying colours. This degree qualifies the medical practitioners to become licensed or registered under the laws of the State and India is proud to register them as their jewels.

Those child specialists in Noida are the best who are the most ingenuous inspirers of hope. The roles of a clown and that of a child specialist are the same – to elevate the possible and to relieve suffering. After all, the good child specialist is the one who treats the disease.  While the great child specialist is the one who treats the patient who has the disease. By- Rounak Bose

Psychiatry – the science of mind functions.

Noida is one of those places in India, which promotes Psychiatry a lot. Basically, Psychiatry is a term that refers to the study of organisms, cells, tissues, body parts of organisms and their functional properties. It is a very broad sub – division of mind or the mind sciences. Psychiatry is such a branch that exists in integration with another sub – division of mind science, anatomy. However, they differ by a subtle difference – Psychiatry deals with the function of the body, but anatomy deals with the function of the body and its parts and organs.

Human Psychiatry is one of the main aspects of general Psychiatry. Noida however, in recent years, has adopted a more futuristic field or sub – branch of human Psychiatry, which is called exercise Psychiatry. Exercise Psychiatry refers to that form of study dealing in the physical exercises an individual undertakes. Very chronic cases of responses, and acute and critical adaptations of the body, its parts and organs, are integral parts of exercise Psychiatry.

Basically, exercise Psychiatry is used to study and take into the account the various effects of exercise on our Psychiatry, pathology and the varied mechanisms which help exercise to drastically reduce or even reverse in some cases, disease progressions. Researches in this field in Noida, have shown that the human brain itself receives around 20% of the total cardiac output of the body; but uses up and expends around 20-25% of the body’s total consumption of energy. It is also observed that energy consumption by the human brain is much higher during intense and strenuous physical exercises. It is thus seen that Psychiatry has advanced to a stage which was unimaginable even a few decades back from now. It is an indispensable part of mind and we hope, that it continues to progress and set higher limits for itself. By- Rounak Bose

Leprosy is an ancient disease. It is caused by Mycobacterium Leprae.

It is unfortunate, that this bacteria has not been able to be cultivated, either in smears or tissue cultures.Even though the origin of this disease remains ancient, the techniques used in treatment are well up to date.

We now have various drugs to treat leprosy, recommended by the WHO Expert Committee Group.Dapsone has been one of the most useful drug.It is the drug of choice for treating almost all forms of leprosy. Mechanism Of Action Of Dapsone is unique, but similar to a typical Anti-Biotic (Competitive Antagonism).It prevents DNA Replication.Use of Dapsone, along with other drugs, has shown to decrease bacterial count to a great extent.

Even though the techniques used for treatment at par, the efficiency of the treatment is largely based on the mental state of the patient.Leprosy has been a disease held in a superstitious dread.In older times, people used to think that patients who have contracted leprosy are “Bad People”, and that, they are being punished by God for their sinful deeds, and that, they deserved this.

Even though this thought has now eradicated from the society, the eradication is not 100%.People always feel miserable after contracting this disease, because of the symptoms, as well as the society’s mindset over them.Hence, proper education of the patient, as well as the society, is an adjunct for effective treatment of the disease. By- Dt. Trishala Chopra

Clinical Microbiology is a field of studying various disease causing micro-organisms.

This study revolves around an organism’s morphologic features, its motility, its disease causing spectrum, and its resistance.

A Microbiologist uses various techniques to study these features.

Microbiology has diagnostic as well as prognostic values.

It forms the base for clinical diagnosis of a particular disease. For instance, throat infection can be caused by n number of bacteria’s. Also, Anti-biotics available in the market have different actions on different bacteria’s.

A clinical study based on patient’s sample would isolate the causative organism, which would thus help in prescription of right drug to the patient.

One of the most important uses of microbiology is in epidemiological studies.

These studies are performed in areas in which high numbers of cases of a specific disease, caused by a specific organism are registered.

A team of microbiologists is usually deployed by the government agencies, which thoroughly examine the surroundings. They target the areas which are suspected of a colony. For eg: For studies of malaria and dengue, areas which are water logged, are examined. Also, they are made to be cleaned and kept water free then.

Clinical Microbiology can be regarded as a fore-runner of diagnosis of any given disease.

Without this, most diseases can go undiagnosed, or may be diagnosed as “False Positive”

If you are facing any symptom, don’t ignore it. That is your body’s way of giving you “Notification” about a “Battery Low” state. By- Dt. Trishala Chopra

Pulmonologists- study and research of various physiological and pathological conditions of the Lungs

A Pulmonologists is a medical worker involved in Pulmonology i.e. the study and research of various physiological and pathological conditions of the Lungs and its associated structures.It has been a decade, since development of this field reached it peak, and is till holding the throne. 

This is because of increased conditions giving rise to increased research. By this statement, I meant that there are lots many pathological conditions related to the lungs, and to manage them, an increase in study, research and interventions.Pollution has been a problem of this effluent world, just like obesity, we can just complain, but to change, action is a must.

Industrial Smoke, Combustion of fuel in Cars Bikes and other automobiles, open air burning of waste, all this add up to the rising pollution in the country.And whenever Delhi is concerned, pollution will always be remembered, just like Tony Stark with his Man in action, Jarvis!

Pulmonologist takes care of conditions such as COPD, Tuberculosis, Pneumonia, Occupational Lung Diseases, Restrictive Lung Diseases, Pleural Cancers, by using various interventions, Spirometry being the most common.

A pulmonologists also involves use of X Rays (by Radiologist) to diagnose any restrictions in the normal biomechanics of Thorax & Chest Wall.

Physiotherapy referral is also used frequently, mainly to remove accumulated secretions in the lungs, by means of procedures such as Postural Drainage and Breathing Exercises such as ACBT (Active Cycle Of Breathing Techniques). Humidification & Nebulization may also be used. By- Dt. Trishala Chopra

Fever- is a common condition, experienced with generalized increase in body temperature.

Normal body temperature varies between 36.1 C (97F) to 37.2C (99F).

Some individuals tend to maintain a normal temperature of 37.6 C (99.68F). This is because the normal body temperature depends on various factors such as:

Age

Gender

Weight

Metabolic Rate

Time of the day 

It is medically known as “Hyper-Thermia”

Fever is a normal physiologic response of the body to an antigen, who is trying to induce a pathological condition in the body.Fever shows how is a person’s immune system is reacting towards a particular disease causing micro-organism.

However, elevation of body temperature, above 38.3 C (101 F) is something to worry about.

In certain cases, the body temperature might get elevated to 40 C    (104 F)

In some instances, fever might be a fore-runner of a specific disease, such as found in Typhoid.

A typical Typhoid Fever/ Enteric Fever shows High Fever with Bradycardia (Slow Heart Rate). Temperature might get elevated up to 102 F, though severe cases show rise till 104 F.

A Mild-to-Moderate fever, would subside within 2 days, and does not require emergent medical treatment. If temperature is significantly high, one can visit a doctor, and take some medicines, which are chiefly Non-Steroidal Anti-Pyretic Drugs such as Aspirin or Paracetamol.

For cases, such as Typhoid Fever, immediate medical help is required, as due to bradycardia, patient may land up in Cardiac Shock. By- Dt. Trishala Chopra

Proctologists– caring for our anus and rectum regions and the excretory and digestive system

Proctology, essentially, is a branch of medicine as well as physiology that deal with the anus and rectum regions of a human body. The main aim of Proctology is the maintenance of the proper functioning of the anus and rectum regions, examining disorders and diseases that plague the anus and rectum regions and effectively treating them. 

Noida, there are a large number of physicians who specialise in anus and rectum region disease treatment. Patients suffering from acute disorder of the anus and rectum regions, stones in the anus and rectum region or renal caliculi, piles, electrolytic disorders, hypertension et cetera are all treated by these Proctologists. Cancer in the anus and rectum regions is another developing branch of Proctology and the study of such diseases linked with cancer is known as OncoProctology. A Proctologist in Noida’s hospitals or health care centres can be expected to perform dialysis, transplantation of anus and rectum regions, biopsy of anus and rectum regions, management of fistula, biopsy of bones and other minor diagnosis of anus and rectum region related diseases. 

In hospitals in Noida, anus and rectum region related abnormalities are detected by the Proctologist prescribing a large number of imaging tests. These tests may range from a simple ultrasonography or an ultrasound test, and CT scans to advanced angiographies, MRI s, or even scintigraphy, which is a very significant part of nuclear medicine. Renal physicians can provide a large arsenal of treatment options like plain medications, or blood products or even surgical procedures like urology, vascular surgery et cetera, dialysis, anus and rectum region transplantation or replacement, and so on and so forth. All of this goes on to show how much Proctology has progressed till today, and what a very important role Proctologists play in this era. By- Rounak Bose

LEPROSY TREATMENT- “Hansen’s disease”

Leprosy is also known as the “Hansen’s disease”. It is a highly contagious long-term disease that is caused by the bacterium called the “BACILLI MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE”. The disease affects the skin membrane and the nerves by formation lumps on the skin and also leads to the discoloration of the skin.  Critical stages of leprosy le0.ad to deformities and disfigurement. This disease can affect all people irrespective of their age. The bacterium takes a very long time to multiply and therefore it is very difficult to recognize the symptoms and to diagnose the disease at the early stage.

This is a highly transmittable disease and it is usually transmitted from one person to another through the droplets of infected saliva or phlegm. It usually takes about three to five years for the symptoms to appear. Sometimes, it might also take more than twenty years to diagnose. The time of interval between the period of contact and the period of diagnosis is called the “incubation period”. The longer the incubation period is, the more difficult it will be for the doctor to treat the patient. There are a lot of drugs for the treatment of leprosy, which are used as a combination of medicines in multi drug therapy. These should never be used for the patients singly like in mono drug therapies. 

“DAPSONE”, a bacteriostatic medicine that proved to fight against the Leprae bacterium was used as the cure for leprosy for many years. However, this medicine could not cure multibacillary leprosy. Therefore, at present, Dapsone is combined with “RIFAMPICIN” and “CLOFAZIMINE” as a multi drug therapy for curing leprosy. By- Pujha Ramesh

BREAST CANCER - Dreadful disease that is usually common among women

Breast cancer is one of the most common diseases among women. It is due to the uncontrollable multiplication and the growth of the cells present in the breast. The tumor could be malignant i.e. is cancerous if the tumors starts to invade the other tissues present in the body or if they start to spread to all areas of the body. Breast cancer could originate in part of the blood. Mostly, it originates in the nipples. Breast cancer is a dreadful disease that is usually common among women. However, there are also possibilities for men to get breast cancer sometimes.There are totally four stages in breast cancer. Each stage is determined based on the size of the malignant tumor and also depending on the area; the tumor has spread throughout the body.

SYSTEMIC THERAPY:

The main aim of this therapy is to get rid of the malignant or the cancerous cells that may have been invaded the entire body. This therapy is a type of drug therapy, which helps in getting rid of the tumors by eliminating or destroying the cancer cells that are present throughout the body. The systemic therapy is a combination of a lot of other therapies, which include “chemotherapy”, “target therapy” and “hormone therapy”. Breast cancer has several types and stages. Depending on the type of cancer and also depending on the stage of cancer, the medical practitioner decides on which treatment is to be given. When the cancerous tumors spread across the breast and the lymph nodes, the chance of survival are less. However, a lot of women have survived for more than twenty to twenty five with breast cancer because of regular and rigorous treatments and surgeries. By- Pujha Ramesh

BLOOD CANCER - “leukemia”

Blood cancer, also known as “leukemia” is one of the most common and dreadful diseases among the human beings. Leukemia is a type of cancer that is present in the blood and in the bore marrows of the body. This cancer originates due to the rapid and uncontrollable production of the abnormal white blood cells in the body. Due to the production of a large number of abnormal white blood cells, the body will not be able to fight back against the disease and therefore it results in the impairing of the bone marrows, which makes the bone marrows unable to produce the red blood cells and the blood platelets. This cancer affects the two major types of the white blood cells, which are the “lymphocytes” and the “granulocytes”. These cancerous cells originate in the bone marrows where the blood cells are formed. Therefore, the cancerous cells easily infect the blood cells at the time of their formation itself. Blood cancer is categorized into three major groups as “leukemia”, “lymphoma” and “myeloma”.   

Two of the most powerful and common therapies used in the treatment of cancer are “chemotherapy” and “radiotherapy”. 

CHEMOTHERAPY:

Chemotherapy is a continuous and rigorous process that involves the intake of drugs, which helps the body in fighting against the disease. There are many types of chemotherapy and the medical practitioner prescribes a particular type depending on the health condition of the patient. 

RADIOTHERAPY:

Radiotherapy involves the use of ultra violet x-rays to destroy the malignant tumor cells. The machine used for this treatment is called the “linear accelerator”. Medical practitioners are trained to use this machine as giving the wrong or extra radiation might put the patient’s life at risk. By- Pujha Ramesh